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UNIT 10: BIO
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Etymology Units 1-10 : English 1 Honors Cambridge
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UNIT 10: BIO
life (Greek)
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Autobiography
an account of a person’s life written by that person
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Biodegradable
capable of being broken down by living microorganisms and absorbed by the environment
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Biofeedback
a technique for consciously regulating a bodily (life) function thought to be involuntary, as a heartbeat or blood pressure, by using an instrument to monitor the functions and signal changes in it
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Biography
a written account of someone’s life
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Biology
the study of plant and animal life
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Biopsy
a seeing of life tissues; the examination of tissues removed from the living body
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Biosphere
the part of the Earth, extending from its crust out into the surrounding atmosphere, in which living things exist
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Symbiosis
the living together in close union of two dissimilar organisms, often to their mutual benefit
ex. The symbiosis of algae and fungi forms lichens.
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Symbiotic
living together in a close relationship, often to the benefit of both
ex. In a symbiotic relationship, ants protect defenseless aphids and then “milk” them of their honeydew.
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UNIT 11: CHRON
time (Greek)
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Anachronism
anything out of its proper historical time
ex. To include an electric typewriter in a story set in 1920 would be an anachronism.
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Chronic
continuing for a long time, such as a chronic disease
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Chronicle
an account of events arranged in order of time
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Chronological
arranged in order of time of occurrence (adjective)
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Chronology
a list of events arranged according to time of occurrence (noun)
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Chronometer
an instrument for measuring time precisely, especially in navigation
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Synchronize
to cause to operate (keep time) in unison, as to synchronize watches or to synchronize the sound with the film in a motion picture
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UNIT 12: CIRCUM
around (Latin)
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Circuit
the regular journey around a territory be a person performing duties
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Circuitous
roundabout; winding
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Circumference
a line carried around; the outer boundary line around a circular area
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Circumlocution
a roundabout way of saying something
ex. Saying “A number of commitments will make it impossible for me to find the time to attend the meeting” would be a circumlocution for the simple statement “I can’t attend the meeting.”
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Circumnavigate
to sail around
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Circ*mscribe
to write a line around the bounds; to confine
ex. The rules of the private school circ*mscribed the daily activities of the students.
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Circ*mspect
cautious; careful to consider possible consequences
ex. She was circ*mspect in making suggestions to her temperamental boss.
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Circ*mstance
something standing around; a fact or event accompanying another fact or event
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Circumvent
to come around; to get around or to overcome by artful maneuvering; to prevent
ex. By offering a small wage increase, the management hoped to circumvent a strike.
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UNIT 13: COM, CON, COL, COR
together with (Latin)
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Coherent
sticking together; having an orderly relation of parts
ex. My geology professor’s lectures are always coherent and interesting.
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Collaborate
to labor together
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Collusion
playing together; a secret agreement between two or more persons for a deceitful purpose
ex. The manager suspected collusion between the two employees accused of embezzling company funds.
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Commensurate
measured together; equal in measure and size; proportionate
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Commiserate
to sympathize
ex. She commiserated with me over the loss of my job.
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Committee
a group of people sent to meet together to consider some matter
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Commodius
with plenty of room; spacious
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Commotion
people moving together; social disorder
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Companion
a person one share’s bread with; a comrade
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Complicate
to fold together; to make intricate or involved
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Composition
a putting together of parts to form a whole
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Compress
to press or squeeze together
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Compunction
a prick of conscience; an uneasiness caused by a sense of guilt; a slight regret
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Computer
an electronic machine that performs high-speed mathematical and logical calculations when given coded information
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Condominium
a building in which the living units are owned individually and the grounds are owned together
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Condone
to forgive or overlook (an offense)
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Congenital
born together; existing at birth
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Consensus
a feeling together; general agreement
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Consummate
summed up together; complete or perfect in every respect
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Contemporary
together in time; belonging to the same age
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Convene
to come together formally
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Convention
the coming together of the members of a group
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Convivial
fond of eating, drinking, and being sociable together
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Correlate
to relate together; to show relationship
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UNIT 14: CRED
to believe (Latin)
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Credence
belief; acceptance as true
ex. They should not have given any credence to the rumor.
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Credentials
documents that cause others to believe in one
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Credibility
trustworthiness
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Credible
believable
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Credit
trust, as financial credit; a source of honor, as a credit to one’s family
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Credulity
tendency to believe readily on too little evidence; gullibility (noun)
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Credulous
believing too readily on too little evidence; gullible (adjective)
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Creed
a formal statement of religious or other belief, as the creed of a church
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Discredit
not to believe; to distrust; to destroy belief in
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Incredible
unbelievable (noun)
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Incredulity
tendency not to believe readily; skepticism (adjective)
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Incredulous
not believing readily; disbelieving (adjective)
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Miscreant
originally, an unbeliever in religion; now, an evildoer or criminal
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UNIT 15: CUR
to run (Latin)
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Concourse
a running together; a large open space where crowds gather
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Concur
to run together; to agree
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Concurrent
running together; occurring at the same time
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Courier
one who carries (runs with) messages
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Course
a running onward from one point to the next, as the course of a stream; in education, a series of studies leading (running) toward a degree
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Currency
money that passes (runs) from person to person in a country
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Current
the flow (running) of water or air or electricity; prevalent at the moment (running along), as current fashions
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Curriculum
originally, a race course; today, all the courses offered by an educational institution
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Cursive
running along; handwriting with the letters joined together
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Cursory
running over rapidly without attention to detail; hasty and superficial
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Discourse
to run about; to speak at length; a formal and lengthy discussion of a subject
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Excursion
a running out somewhere; a short journey
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Occur
to run toward; to take place; to happen
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Precursor
a person or thing that runs before; a forerunner
ex. The fountain pen was the precursor of the ballpoint.
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Recourse
a running back (for help); a turning to someone or something for help
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Recur
to run again; to happen again
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Recurrent
running back; returning repeatedly
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UNIT 16: DEM
people (Greek)
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Demagogue
originally, a leader of the common people; now, a leader who stirs up the people by appealing to their emotions and prejudices to win them over quickly and thus gain power
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Demagoguery
the methods or practices of a demagogue
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Democracy
people rule; government by representatives elected by the people
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Demographic
writing about people; pertaining to the study of human populations, especially their density, distribution, and vital statistics
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Endemic
native to a particular people or country, as an endemic disease, which occurs only among certain people, or an endemic plant or animal, which is found only in a certain location
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Epidemic
upon the people; a disease or other abnormal condition spreading rapidly among many people
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Pandemic
among all the people; widespread
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UNIT 17: DICT
to speak (Latin)
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Abdicate
to proclaim away; to renounce formally a throne or high office
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Addict
to speak or to sentence oneself; to give oneself habitually or compulsively to something
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Contradict
to speak against; to assert the opposite of what someone has said
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Dictate
to speak or read something aloud to be recorded by another; to give (speak) orders or commands
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Dictator
one whose speech is to be taken as the final word; one who orders others around; a tyrannical ruler
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Dictatorial
speaking and acting in a domineering or oppressive way
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